How to make a zone of polarizing activity: Insights into limb development via the abnormality preaxial polydactyly
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Preaxial polydactyly of the foot
Background and purpose - Preaxial polydactyly of the foot is a rare malformation and clinicians are often unfamiliar with the associated malformations and syndromes. In order to give guidelines for diagnostics and referral to a clinical geneticist, we provide an overview of the presentation using a literature review and our own patient population. Patients and methods - The literature review wa...
متن کاملAn unusual case of preaxial polydactyly of the hand
Preaxial polydactyly is the most common duplication pattern in white and Asian populations (1). It is a congenital anomaly with a wide range of manifestations .Current classification do not have the capacity to classify all different types of radial polydactyly. We describe here a very rare and unusual case of bilateral preaxial polydactyly (triplication) in a woman and report the operations re...
متن کاملThe zone of polarizing activity: evidence for a role in normal chick limb morphogenesis.
When an impermeable barrier is placed so as to divide the early chick limb-bud into anterior and posterior parts then development continues only on one side of the barrier. The detailed results are inconsistent with mosaic development. They can readily be explained by supposing that pattern is specified by the concentration of a diffusible morphogen controlled by the zone of polarizing activity...
متن کاملPreaxial polydactyly: interactions among ETV, TWIST1 and HAND2 control anterior-posterior patterning of the limb.
Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is a common limb-associated birth defect characterized by extra digit(s) in the anterior autopod. It often results from ectopic sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression in the anterior limb bud. Although several transcription factors are known to restrict Shh expression to the posterior limb bud, how they function together remains unclear. Here we provide evidence from mouse c...
متن کاملthe present study is a survey os postmodern historical novel with respect to the voice of women. it argues how the recorded history is regulated by the rules of power and how women have been excluded from this discourse.ther study analysez angela carters nights at the circus as an example of postmodern historical novel to illustrate how this novel has questioned the historical narrative and how it has inserted women into history by breaking the rules of patriarchy.
the present thesis is a study of postmodern historical novel with respect to the voice of women. according to postmodern historiography,the established institution of history is one of the other manifestations of patriarchys power which has silenced women. the study analyzes angela carters nights at the circus as a postmodern historical novel which makes its female characters transgress the pat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Development, Growth & Differentiation
سال: 2007
ISSN: 0012-1592,1440-169X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169x.2007.00943.x